The first part of verse 14 promised us that sin has no dominion over us - the second part of verse 14 explains how that is possible. Sin cannot control us or condemn us any longer because we are not under the law but under grace...grace - God's unearned favor towards us, giving us what we don't deserve - eternal life because His Son died on our behalf, paid our penalty and gave us His righteousness!
I think it's also important to look at what is being said here about us before we were saved. If sin has no dominion over us because we are not under the law, we can also know that sin did have dominion over us when we were under the law.
We need to understand this in order to respond correctly to the gospel. When we were lost, sin had the power to control us, and ultimately condemn us - it had dominion over us.
Sin controlled us because it satisfied the desires of our flesh, our heart, and our mind - it felt good, so we didn't turn from it but partook of it. Paul will talk more about this in a few verses - we are slaves to whatever we present ourselves to, in our lost state this is sin.
Sin condemned us because, while we were living in it, it put us at enmity with a Holy God. Because of our sinfulness, there had to be a payment in order for us to be reconciled to this Holy God who cannot have sin in His presence. We could not afford the payment, therefore sin would ultimately condemn us for eternity, we would be separated from God forever - had it not been for His Amazing grace, giving His perfect Son as payment for our debt.
So what does the law have to do with this? We know from this verse that the law has to do with lost people, and grace has to do with saved people. We were under law, but now we are under grace. The law is God's 'standard' - it reveals the debt that we were under, the payment that had to be made in order to be reconciled to God. God being holy and sinless, perfectly righteous, is revealed through His commandments, His attributes, His promises, throughout His Word.
As we read about God, and see all of these things, we should begin to realize we have a big problem - that problem being that we are under a debt we can never pay - we cannot satisfy the law, that is, we cannot measure up to God, we cannot adhere to His standard - and as a result, we are guilty as charged.
Think of it like this: we live in a land of many laws and regulations. These laws and regulations legally require us to do certain things and keep us from doing others. When we disobey the laws and/or regulations, we can be charged, and if we are found guilty, there is a payment to be made in order to satisfy the transgression. Since sinful, fallen man is involved, we know that with many laws and regulations, the line is gray - the speed limit for example. We also know that the payment for breaking the law is not always applied equally. This law reveals a 'standard', a way of living that is supposed to be correct - however filled with error it is due to man's involvement.
With God, however, His law reveals the perfect way to live - the way that will perfectly glorify Him, perfectly reveal who He is - and there are no gray lines or unequal payments. The slightest disobedience to God, the 'slightest' transgression against His perfection, that robs Him of being perfectly glorified and perfectly revealed through us, is sin - and in God's eyes, all sin is equally black, and all sin carries an equal judgement: eternal separation from Him, eternal condemnation.
The law, God revealing who He is through His Word, was meant to make us realize that we are sinful. Romans 5:20 tells us that the law came in to increase the trespass...the more we read God's Word, and realize who He is, the more we realize how much we have fallen short of keeping the law, and how sinful we really are, how in need of someone to remove this debt from us we really are.
Then we read the end of verse 14: we are not under this law, we are under grace. All of the beautiful truth that Paul described in the beginning of Chapter 6, describing what has happened to us as God's children...
- baptized into Christ Jesus
- baptized into His death
- raised to walk in newness of life
- united with Christ in His resurrection
- crucified with Him
- no longer enslaved to sin
- set free from sin, justified
- alive with Christ, alive to God
...all of that is God's grace being poured out on us as we are set free from the law, Jesus Christ was that someone who paid the debt we incurred for disobeying God's perfect law.
I said earlier that we needed to understand this in order to respond correctly to the gospel. This is why: as humans, we are conditioned to expect a result from things we do. We go to work, we get paid. We make the correct amount of payments on our house, we own it. We give to charity, we feel good. We obey the law, we expect to live in peace with law enforcement (usually). Our life is full of doing something in order to receive something, whether it's physically, emotionally, or some other way.
This makes it difficult for us to understand God's grace. God pours out His grace on us while we are doing everything not to deserve it - Romans 5:8 says that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us, and in 5:10 - while we were enemies we were reconciled to God by His Son! God doesn't reward us with eternal life - that being a relationship with Him - because we did something good, or enough good things. Our attempt to do good things in order to cause God to love or accept us is our attempt to pay our own debt for disobeying God's law...the problem is we cannot even scratch the surface of paying this debt.
When we attempt to pay our own debt to God by doing something, we show our lack of faith that Jesus Christ paid the debt in full on our behalf.
Even though we live in grace, set free from the law, we live as though somehow God is going to reward us with eternal life if we live a good enough life - this is based on our interaction with other humans and how we are used to living, but is the wrong way to respond to God's grace.
Tragically, if we do not grasp the power of God's grace over the law, if we continue to live a life trying to satisfy a debt that cannot be paid, we can begin to water down God's law in our minds in order to feel that we are satisfying the debt we owe. We begin to think that some of the 'smaller', less obvious, hard to overcome sins aren't really sin. This is a dangerous trap, because it lines up so perfectly with what we are used to in our daily life: going 56 in a 55 isn't really breaking the law, it's kind of a gray area that can be overlooked, and doesn't usually require payment, maybe a warning.
We need only to look at Adam and Eve to realize that with God there is no gray area, disobedience is disobedience, all sin is equally black and requires a payment that we cannot afford, all sin results in death, eternal condemnation as just judgement - unless we accept Christ's payment on our behalf, and have faith that it was payment in full.
We need to realize we are free, so that we can live a life of pursuing
God in love and appreciation, not a life trying hard to satisfy a debt
that cannot be paid. We tend to argue, then, that if we are free and not required to do something in order to be saved or stay saved, can we just live according to flesh, expecting God to cover us with His grace...to overlook our sin because of His grace? This is what Paul addresses in the upcoming verses.
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